The two most significant developments in navigation for many decades have been the introduction of global satellite navigation systems, such as GPS, and the electronic chart. In the case of...

Concepts concerning WECDIS and AML (Additional Military Layers) to support warfare at sea have been developed for quite a few years - now they are being realised. It was more...

The Electronic Chart situation has developed in an unexpected way. When the first standards for chart systems were being written, the concentration was on those installations which would become the...

The conference Using Electronic Charts was produced and sponsored by ChartCo (UK) Ltd, and organised by DigitalShip. It was held in Hamburg in April 2003 and provided a comprehensive overview...

The Romanian Maritime Hydrographic Directorate, founded in 1926, gathers together under its complex framework the tasks of various institutions with responsibilities in the field of hydrography, aids to navigation and...

The introduction of Electronic Chart Systems (ECS) and digital chart data to support these systems goes back more than twenty years to when the industry first started to realise the...

The idea of a Universal Hydrographic Database is well known within the hydrographic community. Years of discussion and technological development have made UHD an attractive goal for those striving to...

HSA Systems Pty Ltd was founded in Sydney Australia in 1991 as Hydrographic Sciences Australia, the founding shareholders being Brian O’Neil and Jon Dean and initial business the provision of...

Electronic Navigational Charts (ENCs) are produced to the hydrographic standard S57 ed 3. In order to enjoy official status as ENCs they must accord with the product specification and be...

July 2002 signalled a significant milestone in the long, tortuous life of ECDIS. It was the month that ECDIS was formally recognised (and specifically mentioned) in SOLAS Chapter V. It...